The liquid crystal panel includes a polarizing film, a glass substrate, a black matrix, a color filter, a protective film, a common electrode, a calibration layer, a liquid crystal layer (liquid crystal, spacer, sealant), a capacitor, a display electrode, a prism layer, and a light scattering layer.
Polarizing film is also called polarizer. The polarizer is divided into upper polarizer and lower polarizer. The polarization functions of the upper and lower polarizers are perpendicular to each other, and their function is like a fence, blocking light wave components according to requirements, such as blocking out and polarizing fence The vertical light wave component, and only the light wave component parallel to the fence is allowed to pass.
The glass substrate can be divided into an upper substrate and a lower substrate in a liquid crystal display, and its main function is to clamp the liquid crystal material in the space between the two substrates. The material of the glass substrate generally adopts alkali-free borosilicate glass with excellent mechanical properties, heat resistance and chemical corrosion resistance. For TFT-LCD, one layer of glass substrate is distributed with TFTs, and the other layer of glass substrate is deposited with color filters.
The black matrix is used to separate the three primary colors of red, green, and blue in the color filter (to prevent color confusion) and to prevent light leakage by means of a material with high light-shielding performance, thereby helping to improve the contrast of each color block. In addition, in TFT-LCD, the black matrix can also cover the internal electrode traces or thin film transistors.